Pioneer of Modern Design: Christopher Dresser (1834-1904)
Thursday, October 08, 2009
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It is difficult to establish the birth of modernism. Most often ‘modern’ is associated with twentieth century design. We tend to think of early examples by designers such as Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Josef Hoffman and Gerrit Rietveld in the years prior to the First World War. In reality, the seeds were planted as early as the mid 1800s with particular designers such as Christopher Dresser and Owen Jones, creating works which sharply stood out from the trends of the day.
Modernism wasn’t a single readily identifiable style, but rather a set of ideas threading together a variety of styles and movements from various countries. Overall, it rejected decoration in favor of abstraction. It streamlined form and pared it down to the essence. But more importantly, it believed in the power and potential of the machine. Designers worked with industrial advancements to help change the world.
Design reform also combined two revolutions of the nineteenth century: industrial and romantic. Design reformers believed the laws of beauty were rooted in nature and a unitary world. Most designers believed that their designs had the power to transform society. That reform could create a sense of social utopianism. Proponents sought to bring forth better materials and aesthetic quality of life for the majority through better design.
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Modernism wasn’t a single readily identifiable style, but rather a set of ideas threading together a variety of styles and movements from various countries. Overall, it rejected decoration in favor of abstraction. It streamlined form and pared it down to the essence. But more importantly, it believed in the power and potential of the machine. Designers worked with industrial advancements to help change the world.
Design reform also combined two revolutions of the nineteenth century: industrial and romantic. Design reformers believed the laws of beauty were rooted in nature and a unitary world. Most designers believed that their designs had the power to transform society. That reform could create a sense of social utopianism. Proponents sought to bring forth better materials and aesthetic quality of life for the majority through better design.
Toast Rack. Christie's, London: July 8, 2009. Estimate: £600 - £900; Realized: £2,250
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